Abstract Background After viral fusion with the cell membrane, the conical capsid of HIV-1 disassembles by a process called uncoating.Previously we have utilized the CsA washout assay, in which TRIM-CypA mediated restriction of viral replication is used to detect the state of the viral capsid, to study the kinetics of HIV-1 uncoating in owl monkey
The ramp-up is a critical phase in the operations of a Tokamak, during which engineering and physics aspects must be taken into account to ensure stability, minimize flux consumption and avoid disruptions.Predicting ramp-up phases faces challenges such as nonlinearity, uncertainty on boundary and initial conditions and changes in the magnetic equil
Rattus norvegicus (R.norvegicus) are ubiquitous and their presence has several effects on the human populations in our urban areas on a global scale.Both historically and presently, this close interaction has facilitated the dissemination of many pathogens to humans, making screening for potentially zoonotic and emerging viruses in rats highly rele
Steady advances in genome sequencing methods have provided valuable insights into the evolutionary processes of several gene families in plants.At the core axle pulley of plant biodiversity is an extensive genetic diversity with functional divergence and expansion of genes across gene families, representing unique phenomena.The evolution of gene fa